''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

orchid Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowerin ...

s in the tribe

Cranichideae Cranichideae is an orchid tribe in the subfamily Orchidoideae. See also * Taxonomy of the Orchidaceae The taxonomy of the Orchidaceae (orchid family) has evolved slowly during the last 250 years, starting with Carl Linnaeus who in 1753 recogni ...

. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in

East Asia East Asia is the eastern region of Asia, which is defined in both Geography, geographical and culture, ethno-cultural terms. The modern State (polity), states of East Asia include China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan. ...

, Goodyera is found across

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirel ...

, Madeira,

North North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. Etymology The word ''north ...

and

Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. ...

, Australia, and on islands from the west

Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or ~19.8% of the water on Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia to the east. To the south it is bounded by t ...

to the

Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the contin ...

. They have a rosette of leaves at their base and usually many small white

resupinate Resupination is derived from the Latin word ''resupinus'', meaning "bent back with the face upward" or "on the back". "Resupination" is the noun form of the adjective "resupine" which means "being upside-down, supine or facing upward". The word " ...

flowers. They are similar to orchids in the genus ''

Spiranthes ''Spiranthes'' is a genus of orchids in the subfamily Orchidoideae. They are known commonly as ladies tresses, ladies'-tresses, or lady's tresses.terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on or near the ground, as opposed to ...

plants with a fleshy, creeping rhizome and a loose rosette of leaves at the base of a flowering stem with many small, resupinate flowers. The leaves are elliptic, characteristically

asymmetrical Asymmetry is the absence of, or a violation of, symmetry (the property of an object being invariant to a transformation, such as reflection). Symmetry is an important property of both physical and abstract systems and it may be displayed in pre ...

and green with white or pale green markings. The entire plant apart from the flowers is covered with slightly sticky hairs. The

dorsal Dorsal (from Latin ''dorsum'' ‘back’) may refer to: * Dorsal (anatomy), an anatomical term of location referring to the back or upper side of an organism or parts of an organism * Dorsal, positioned on top of an aircraft's fuselage * Dorsal c ...

sepal A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coine ...

and petals overlap, forming a hood over the column and the

lateral Lateral is a geometric term of location which may refer to: Healthcare *Lateral (anatomy), an anatomical direction * Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle * Lateral release (surgery), a surgical procedure on the side of a kneecap Phonetics *Lateral co ...

sepals spread widely. The labellum is not lobed but has a small pouch. Orchids in the genus ''

Spiranthes ''Spiranthes'' is a genus of orchids in the subfamily Orchidoideae. They are known commonly as ladies tresses, ladies'-tresses, or lady's tresses.rhizomes, have flat, non-pouched labella, and display plain green leaves.

Taxonomy and naming

The genus ''Goodyera'' was first formally described in 1813 by Robert Brown and the description was published in

William Aiton William Aiton (17312 February 1793) was a Scottish botanist. Aiton was born near Hamilton. Having been regularly trained to the profession of a gardener, he travelled to London in 1754, and became assistant to Philip Miller, then superinten ...

Hortus Kewensis ''Hortus Kewensis, or a Catalogue of the Plants Cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew'' by William Aiton was a 1789 catalogue of all the plant species then in cultivation at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew is ...

. The genus name honours

John Goodyer John Goodyer (1592–1664) was a botanist who lived in south-east Hampshire, England, all his life. He amassed a large collection of botanical texts which were bequeathed to Magdalen College, Oxford, and translated a number of classical texts ...

. Generic delimitation of Goodyera remains problematic, with some authors providing evidence to support a narrower

circumscription Circumscription may refer to: *Circumscribed circle * Circumscription (logic) *Circumscription (taxonomy) *Circumscription theory, a theory about the origins of the political state in the history of human evolution proposed by the American anthrop ...

of the genus. The genus is abbreviated ''G.'' in horticultural nomenclature.
Alphabetical List of Standard Abbreviations for Natural and Hybrid Generic Names
', Royal Horticultural Society, 2017.

Distribution

With a center of diversity in

, Goodyera is found across

, Madeira,

and

, Australia, and on islands from the west

to the

List of species

The following is a list of species of ''Goodyera'' recognised by the ''

World Checklist of Selected Plant Families The World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (usually abbreviated to WCSP) is an "international collaborative programme that provides the latest peer reviewed and published opinions on the accepted scientific names and synonyms of selected pla ...

'' as at August 2018: *''

Goodyera afzelii ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Schltr. (1918) *''

Goodyera alveolata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Pradhan (1979) *'' Goodyera amoena'' Schltr. (1911) *''

Goodyera angustifolia ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Schltr. (1905) *'' Goodyera beccarii'' Schltr. (1910) *'' Goodyera bifida'' (Blume) Blume (1858) *''

Goodyera biflora ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' (Lindl.) Hook.f. (1890) *''

Goodyera bomiensis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' K.Y.Lang (1978) *'' Goodyera boninensis'' Nakai (1923) *'' Goodyera brachystegia'' Hand.-Mazz. (1936) *''

Goodyera bracteata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Thouars (1822) *''

Goodyera bradeorum ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Schltr. (1923) *''

Goodyera clausa ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' (A.A.Eaton ex Ames) Schltr. (1911) *'' Goodyera colorata'' (Blume) Blume (1858) *''

Goodyera condensata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Ormerod & J.J.Wood (2001) *''

Goodyera corniculata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' ( Rchb.f.) Ackerman *''

Goodyera crocodiliceps ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Ormerod (1996) *''

Goodyera cyclopensis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Ormerod (2017) *''

Goodyera daibuzanensis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Yamam. (1932) *'' Goodyera denticulata'' J.J.Sm. (1934) *''

Goodyera dolabripetala ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' (Ames) Schltr. (1908 *''

Goodyera elmeri ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' (Ames) Ames (1938) *'' Goodyera erosa'' (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Ames, F.T.Hubb. & C.Schweinf. (1934) *'' Goodyera erythrodoides'' Schltr. (1911) *'' Goodyera fimbrilabia'' Ormerod (2006) *'' Goodyera flaccida'' Schltr. (1924) *''

Goodyera foliosa ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f. (1890) *'' Goodyera fumata'' Thwaites (1861) *''

Goodyera fusca ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' (Lindl.) Hook.f. (1890 *'' Goodyera gemmata'' J.J.Sm. (1909) *'' Goodyera gibbsiae'' J.J.Sm. (1922) *''

Goodyera goudotii ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Ormerod & Cavestro (2006) *''

Goodyera hachijoensis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Yatabe (1891) *''

Goodyera hemsleyana ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' King & Pantl. (1895) *''

Goodyera henryi ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Rolfe (1896) *''

Goodyera hispaniolae ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Dod (1986) *''

Goodyera hispida ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Lindl. (1857) *''

Goodyera humicola ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' (Schltr.) Schltr. (1924) *'' Goodyera inmeghema'' Ormerod (1996) *'' Goodyera kwangtungensis'' C.L.Tso (1933) *'' Goodyera lamprotaenia'' Schltr. (1911) *'' Goodyera lanceolata'' Ridl. (1870) *'' Goodyera luzonensis'' Ames (1915) *'' Goodyera macrophylla'' Lowe (1831) *''

Goodyera major ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Ames & Correll (1942) *'' Goodyera makuensis'' Ormerod (2013) *'' Goodyera malipoensis'' Q.X.Guan & S.P.Chen (2014) *''

Goodyera maurevertii ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Blume (1858) *'' Goodyera micrantha'' Schltr. (1923) *''

Goodyera modesta ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Schltr. (1923) *'' Goodyera myanmarica'' Ormerod & C.S.Kumar (2006) *'' Goodyera nankoensis'' Fukuy. (1934) *'' Goodyera nantoensis'' Hayata (1911) *''

Goodyera novembrilis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' (Rchb.f.) Ormerod (1996) *'' Goodyera oblongifolia'' Raf. (1833) *''

Goodyera ovatilabia ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Schltr. (1923) *'' Goodyera pendula'' Maxim. (1888) *'' Goodyera perrieri'' (Schltr.) Schltr. (1924) *''

Goodyera polyphylla ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Ormerod (2006) *''

Goodyera porphyrophylla ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Schltr. (1921) *'' Goodyera procera'' (Ker Gawl.) Hook. (1823) *''

Goodyera pubescens ''Goodyera pubescens'', the downy rattlesnake plantain, (also known as ''Peramium pubescens'' ) is one of the most common orchids native to eastern North America. It is found from Florida to Nova Scotia, west to eastern Oklahoma, Minnesota and On ...

'' (Willd.) R.Br. (1813) *'' Goodyera purpusii'' Ormerod (2006) *''

Goodyera pusilla ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Blume (1858) *''

Goodyera ramosii ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Ames (1913 publ. 1914) *''

Goodyera recurva ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Lindl. (1857) *''

Goodyera repens ''Goodyera repens'', an orchid in the genus ''Goodyera'', is called by the common name creeping lady's-tresses in Anglophone Europe and dwarf rattlesnake plantain or lesser rattlesnake plantain in North America. It is a green underground creeper ...

'' (L.) R.Br. (1813) *'' Goodyera reticulata'' (Blume) Blume (1858) *'' Goodyera rhombodoides'' Aver (2007) *'' Goodyera robusta'' Hook.f. (1890) *'' Goodyera rosea'' (H.Perrier) Ormerod (2006) *''

Goodyera rostellata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames (1920) *''

Goodyera rostrata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Ridl. (1908) *'' Goodyera rosulacea'' Y.N.Lee (2004) *'' Goodyera rubicunda'' (Blume) Lindl. (1839) *'' Goodyera ruttenii'' J.J.Sm. (1928) *''

Goodyera schlechtendaliana ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Rchb.f. (1850) *'' Goodyera scripta'' (Rchb.f.) Schltr. (1906) *'' Goodyera sechellarum'' (S.Moore) Ormerod (2002) *''

Goodyera seikomontana ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Yamam. (1932) *'' Goodyera similis'' Blume (1858) *'' Goodyera stelidifera'' Ormerod (2004) *'' Goodyera stenopetala'' Schltr. (1911) *''

Goodyera striata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Rchb.f. (1845) *'' Goodyera sumbawana'' Ormerod (2005) *'' Goodyera taitensis'' Blume (1858) *''

Goodyera tesselata ''Goodyera tesselata'' is a plant in the orchid family (Orchidaceae), called by the common name checkered rattlesnake plantain. It is native to eastern Canada from Manitoba to Newfoundland, and to the northeastern United States from Maine to Mar ...

'' Lodd. (1824) *''

Goodyera thailandica ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Seidenf. (1969) *'' Goodyera turialbae'' Schltr. (1923) *'' Goodyera umbrosa''

D.L.Jones David Lloyd Jones (born 1944) is an Australians, Australian horticultural botanist and the author of many books and papers, especially on Australian orchids. Jones was born in Victoria (Australia), Victoria and in his youth was a student at Burnl ...

& M.A.Clem. (2014) *''

Goodyera venusta ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Schltr. (1911) *'' Goodyera viridiflora'' (Blume) Blume (1858) *'' Goodyera vitiensis'' (L.O.Williams) Kores (1989) *''

Goodyera vittata ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Benth. ex Hook.f. (1890) *'' Goodyera werneri'' Schltr. (1921) *'' Goodyera wolongensis'' K.Y.Lang (1984) *'' Goodyera wuana'' Tang & F.T.Wang (1951) *''

Goodyera yamiana ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Fukuy. (1936) *''

Goodyera yunnanensis ''Goodyera yunnanensis'' is a species of orchid endemic to southern China. It has been reported only from the provinces of Yunnan and Sichuan, growing in forest scrub at elevations of . ''Goodyera yunnanensis'' is a terrestrial herb growing up t ...

'' Schltr. (1919) *'' Goodyera zacuapanensis'' Ormerod (2006)

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q163556 Cranichideae genera